Microplastics and human health: how they affect your body and how to reduce their impact

Microplastics are everywhere: in water, food, air. And now we know they're also inside our bodies. This article explores what they are, how they enter our bodies, what effects they can have on human health, and, most importantly, how you can reduce your daily exposure.

What are microplastics and how do they enter the human body?

Routes of exposure: air, water, food and skin

Microplastics are plastic fragments smaller than 5 mm that come from packaging, textiles, cosmetics, or the degradation of larger plastics. They can enter the body in three ways:

• Inhalation: especially in cities with high air pollution.
• Ingestion: through bottled water, shellfish, salt, and packaged foods.
• Dermal contact: Some studies suggest that certain microplastics may be able to penetrate the skin.

How many microplastics do we ingest per year?

A study by Environmental Science & Technology estimates that the average person could ingest between 39,000 and 52,000 microplastics per year. This figure increases if bottled water is consumed instead of filtered water.

Effects of microplastics on human health

Accumulation in organs and tissues

Researchers have found microplastics in the lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and even blood. This indicates that they can circulate throughout the human system and accumulate in vital organs.

Inflammation, oxidative stress and toxicity

The presence of microplastics can cause chronic inflammation, oxidative stress (cell damage), and long-term toxicity. This translates into an increased risk of degenerative diseases and premature cellular aging.

Hormonal, immunological and neurological risks

Some compounds present in plastics, such as BPA and phthalates, are known endocrine disruptors. Their impact on the gut microbiome and potential neurological damage have also been observed in animal studies.

Latest scientific studies: what we already know

Microplastics in blood and digestive system

A study by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (2022) found microplastics in 80% of the blood samples analyzed. Another study by the University of Vienna (2021) indicates that they also affect the intestinal flora.

Impact on the brain and future diseases

In 2024, Nature Neuroscience published research showing that microplastics can cross the blood-brain barrier in animal models, raising concerns about neurodegenerative diseases.

How to reduce your exposure to microplastics?

Practical tips for everyday life

• Avoid single-use plastics (bottles, bags, straws).
• Filter tap water with advanced systems.
• Choose fresh foods without plastic packaging.
• Wear clothing made of natural fibers such as cotton or linen.

Why supporting sustainable brands makes a difference

Brands like SVMSARA focus on recycled materials and responsible production, helping to reduce dependence on virgin plastic. Every conscious purchase counts.

Conclusion: Towards a lifestyle with less plastic

Scientific evidence now leaves no room for doubt: microplastics are within us, and their impact on health is real. Although their full extent is still being studied, we can act today by adopting sustainable habits and reducing our contact with plastics. Because your health also depends on what you choose to consume.

Frequently asked questions about microplastics and health

Are microplastics eliminated from the body?
There are still no conclusive studies. Some can be expelled, but many could accumulate in organs and tissues.

Do homemade water filters remove microplastics?
Yes, filters with reverse osmosis membranes or advanced activated carbon can significantly reduce the presence of microplastics.

Do organic foods have fewer microplastics?
Not necessarily. The risk lies more in the packaging and the water used, not so much in whether the food is organic.

Do clothes also release microplastics?
Yes. Synthetic clothing releases plastic microfibers with every wash. Choose clothing made from natural fibers whenever possible.